AustralieFrV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 005E64

Analysis of improvements in nitrogen use efficiency associated with 75 years of spring barley breeding

Identifieur interne : 005E64 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005E63; suivant : 005E65

Analysis of improvements in nitrogen use efficiency associated with 75 years of spring barley breeding

Auteurs : I. J. Bingham [Royaume-Uni] ; A. J. Karley [Royaume-Uni] ; P. J. White [Royaume-Uni] ; W. T. B. Thomas [Royaume-Uni] ; J. R. Russell [Royaume-Uni]

Source :

European journal of agronomy [ 1161-0301 ] ; 2012.

RBID : Pascal:12-0351373

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Efficacité nutriment, Amélioration génétique, Orge, Prélèvement nutriment, Rendement, Hordeum vulgare, Azote, Culture de printemps.
Wicri :
- topic : Orge, Azote.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Barley, Genetic improvement, Hordeum vulgare, Nitrogen, Nutrient recovery, Nutrient uptake, Spring crops, Yield.

Abstract

A retrospective analysis of the effects of nearly 75 years of breeding on the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was undertaken to identify physiological mechanisms governing NUE and targets for future improvement. Fifteen varieties, selected to be as genetically dissimilar as possible and to represent the breeding period from 1931 to 2005, were grown at three site-year combinations in the NE of Scotland. Varieties were grown with zero or 110 kg N ha^-1 supplied as ammonium nitrate. Averaged across site-years, breeding was shown to increase yield and NUE (grain yield N supply^-1) by 1 and 1.2% per year respectively in the presence of fertilizer. Mean grain weight was larger in modern compared to old varieties grown both with and without N fertilizer. The greater response of yield to fertilizer in modern varieties was associated with the production of more grains m^-2. Significant variation was found between genotypes in efficiencies of N uptake (NupE; N offtake per unit N supply) and N utilization (NutE_g, grain yield per unit N offtake). Differences in NutEg contributed 60% to the variation in NUE, whilst NupE contributed 40%. The improvement in NutE_g was mostly the result of increases in harvest index (HI) and was stable across environments. NupE was positively correlated with post-anthesis, but not pre-anthesis, dry matter accumulation and N uptake, which suggests that greater NupE of some varieties was the result of an increased N demand from a large grain sink. Across all varieties NupE was not related to NutEg suggesting that improvements in each may be selected independently. The results also indicated possible opportunities for improving the efficiency of pre-anthesis N uptake.

Affiliations:

Royaume-Uni

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Le document en format XML

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<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">A retrospective analysis of the effects of nearly 75 years of breeding on the nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) was undertaken to identify physiological mechanisms governing NUE and targets for future improvement. Fifteen varieties, selected to be as genetically dissimilar as possible and to represent the breeding period from 1931 to 2005, were grown at three site-year combinations in the NE of Scotland. Varieties were grown with zero or 110 kg N ha<sup>-1</sup>
 supplied as ammonium nitrate. Averaged across site-years, breeding was shown to increase yield and NUE (grain yield N supply<sup>-1</sup>
) by 1 and 1.2% per year respectively in the presence of fertilizer. Mean grain weight was larger in modern compared to old varieties grown both with and without N fertilizer. The greater response of yield to fertilizer in modern varieties was associated with the production of more grains m<sup>-2</sup>
. Significant variation was found between genotypes in efficiencies of N uptake (NupE; N offtake per unit N supply) and N utilization (NutE<sub>g</sub>
, grain yield per unit N offtake). Differences in NutEg contributed 60% to the variation in NUE, whilst NupE contributed 40%. The improvement in NutE<sub>g</sub>
 was mostly the result of increases in harvest index (HI) and was stable across environments. NupE was positively correlated with post-anthesis, but not pre-anthesis, dry matter accumulation and N uptake, which suggests that greater NupE of some varieties was the result of an increased N demand from a large grain sink. Across all varieties NupE was not related to NutEg suggesting that improvements in each may be selected independently. The results also indicated possible opportunities for improving the efficiency of pre-anthesis N uptake.</div>
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Analysis of improvements in nitrogen use efficiency associated with 75 years of spring barley breeding

Analysis of improvements in nitrogen use efficiency associated with 75 years of spring barley breeding

Source :

Descripteurs français

English descriptors

Abstract

Links toward previous steps (curation, corpus...)

Le document en format XML

Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)

Pour mettre un lien sur cette page dans le réseau Wicri